An O ring seal is one of the most widely used sealing solutions in industrial, mechanical, automotive, and hydraulic applications. Due to its simple design, cost-effectiveness, and high sealing efficiency, the O ring seal plays a critical role in preventing leakage of fluids and gases under varying pressure and temperature conditions.
This blog provides a comprehensive overview of O ring seals, including their working principle, materials, types, applications, and key advantages.
An O ring seal is a circular, elastomeric sealing component with a round cross-section. It is typically installed in a groove and compressed between two mating surfaces. When compressed, the O ring creates a tight seal that prevents the escape of liquids or gases.
O ring seals are used in both static applications (no relative motion between parts) and dynamic applications (with movement, such as pistons or rotating shafts).
The sealing mechanism of an O ring seal is based on elastic deformation. When installed in a groove and compressed, the O ring fills the gap between two surfaces. As pressure increases, the O ring is pushed against the groove walls, enhancing the sealing effect.
Key factors affecting O ring sealing performance include:
O ring seals are available in various types depending on their application:
Used where there is no movement between sealing surfaces, such as flanges and pipe connections.